amortized O(1) means

subword tokenization solves: handles rare words by breaking into known pieces

Subword tokenization solves rare word handling by breaking into known pieces

arithmetic intensity is

Arithmetic intensity = FLOPs / Bytes accessed

occupancy means in GPU programming

Occupancy = Active Warps / Max Warps

register pressure means: too many variables per thread reduces occupancy

Register pressure: Excessive variables per thread lead to reduced occupancy and potential performance bottlenecks

Effect size

Cohen's D benchmarks: 0.2 = small, 0.5 = medium, 0.8 = large effect

aliasing is: high frequencies masquerading as low frequencies due to undersampling

Aliasing occurs when high frequencies masquerade as low frequencies due to undersampling