What BCS theory explains — superconductivity arises from Cooper pairs of electrons mediated by phonons

What a Cooper pair is — two electrons with opposite spin and momentum bound through lattice vibrations

Cooper pairs: bound electrons with opposite spins and momenta via phonon-mediated attraction in superconductors

What supersymmetry (SUSY) predicts — every fermion has a bosonic partner and vice versa, none found yet

Supersymmetry predicts a partner particle for every known particle, unobserved so far

What Bose-Einstein condensation demonstrates — macroscopic quantum coherence at ultralow temperatures

Bose-Einstein condensation shows macroscopic quantum coherence at temperatures near absolute zero

What the quantum Hall effect reveals — Hall conductance is quantized in units of e²/h

Quantum Hall effect shows quantized Hall conductance as e²/h

What topological insulators are — materials that conduct on the surface but insulate in the bulk

Topological insulators: Bulk insulators, surface conductors due to non-trivial topological order

What the Bose-Einstein condensate is — at near absolute zero, bosons collapse into the same quantum state

Bose-Einstein condensate: Bosons share quantum state near absolute zero