What rejection sampling does: samples from target by accepting/rejecting proposals

What importance sampling does: reweights samples from proposal to estimate target expectation

Importance sampling reweights samples from a proposal distribution to approximate the expectation of a target distribution

What the Nyquist theorem says: sample at ≥ 2× the highest frequency to avoid aliasing

Nyquist theorem: Sample rate ≥ 2*highest frequency to prevent frequency aliasing

What denoising score matching does: learns to denoise, which equals learning the score

Denoising score matching learns to remove noise, enhancing signal representation and interpretation

What bloom filters do: probabilistically check set membership with no false negatives

Bloom filters: Efficient set membership testing with zero false negatives

What IS (Inception Score) measures: diversity and quality of generated images

Inception Score quantifies image diversity and generated images' quality

What calibration means: a model predicting 80% should be correct 80% of the time

Calibration: Model's predicted probabilities match actual outcomes' frequencies