What the Boltzmann distribution describes — probability of a state with energy E is proportional to e^(-E/kT)

What Boltzmann's entropy formula states — S = k ln Ω, connecting microscopic states to macroscopic entropy

Boltzmann's formula relates entropy (S) to the natural logarithm of the number of microstates (Ω), with k as Boltzmann's constant

What Fermi-Dirac statistics describe — the distribution of fermions, which obey the exclusion principle

Fermi-Dirac statistics describe the distribution of particles like electrons, obeying the Pauli exclusion principle

Why Einstein's photoelectric explanation used Planck's E=hf to predict that higher frequency light ejects faster electrons

Planck's equation E=hf quantifies light energy, explaining higher frequency photons eject electrons more rapidly

What Landauer's principle resolves — erasing one bit of information dissipates at least kT ln 2 of energy

Landauer's principle states energy dissipation during bit erasure is kT ln(2)

What 'Does the inertia of a body depend upon its energy content?' concluded — mass and energy are interchangeable

Inertia depends on mass, not energy content; E=mc^2 relates mass and energy

What the Copenhagen interpretation says — the wavefunction collapse is fundamental, observation creates reality

Copenhagen interpretation: Observing a system collapses its wavefunction, shaping reality