Kuhn means by 'normal science'

Paradigm shift

Paradigm shifts are fundamental changes in scientific concepts and practices

Feyerabend means by 'anything goes'

Feyerabend's 'anything goes' implies there is no exclusive scientific method, promoting methodological pluralism

the Zen kōan 'what is the sound of one hand clapping' is designed to do

Break conceptual thinking

Scientific realism

Scientific realism posits unobservable entities have the same ontological status as observables

Functionalism (philosophy of mind)

Mental states are defined by their functional roles, not their material basis

Logical positivism

Logical positivism's verification principle claims only empirically verifiable statements are meaningful