What Baudrillard means by 'the hyperreal' — when simulation becomes more real than reality itself

How does the concept of "hyperreality" in Baudrillard's postmodern theory challenge traditional notions of reality and representation in the context of media and technology?

Hyperreality blurs the line between simulation and reality, questioning media's role in shaping authentic experiences

What modal realism claims — possible worlds are as real as the actual world (David Lewis)

Modal realism posits all possible worlds have equal reality to our own

What Merleau-Ponty's embodied phenomenology argues — perception is bodily, not mental representation

Perception is inherently embodied, not merely mental constructs

What Camus means by the absurd — the gap between human desire for meaning and the universe's silence

Camus defines the absurd as the conflict between human's search for meaning and the universe's indifference

What instrumentalism claims — theories are useful tools, not descriptions of unobservable reality

Instrumentalism views theories as practical tools, not literal depictions of unobservable phenomena

What qualia are — the subjective, felt qualities of experience (the redness of red)

Qualia represent the intrinsic, subjective aspects of conscious experiences